{"id":132,"date":"2020-05-17T21:46:18","date_gmt":"2020-05-17T19:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/soigneralzheimer.com\/?p=132"},"modified":"2020-05-23T13:04:41","modified_gmt":"2020-05-23T11:04:41","slug":"le-microbiote-et-les-maladies-neurologiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soigneralzheimer.com\/fr\/le-microbiote-et-les-maladies-neurologiques\/","title":{"rendered":"Une revue sur le microbiote et les maladies neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tir\u00e9 de \u00ab\u00a0Gut instincts: microbiota as a key regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb (voir l’article<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette revue scientifique parue en 2017, pr\u00e9sente l’\u00e9tat des recherches sur le lien existant entre le microbiote intestinal et les maladies neurologiques. Je vais donner les points essentiels en rapport avec la maladie d’Alzheimer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’importance du microbiote dans la gen\u00e8se des maladies neurod\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives est soulign\u00e9 d\u00e8s la premi\u00e8re phrase du r\u00e9sum\u00e9 d’introduction:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0There is a growing Realisation that the gut\u2013brain axis and its Regulation by the microbiota may play a key role in the biological and physiological basis of neurodevelopmental, age-related and neurodegenerative disorders.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il existe un lien \u00e9troit entre le cerveau et l’intestin. Ces deux organes \u00e9changent constamment des informations, c’est l’axe intestin-cerveau qui est sous le contr\u00f4le du microbiote. Il devient de plus en plus clair, que des stress physiques (comme par exemple des aliments inadapt\u00e9s) ou psychologiques, peuvent d\u00e9r\u00e9gler ce syst\u00e8me de mani\u00e8re significative. Notre alimentation influence notre microbiote et un microbiote de mauvaise qualit\u00e9 peut nous pousser vers la maladie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On a montr\u00e9 par l’\u00e9tude de tribus de chasseurs\/cueilleurs \u00e9loign\u00e9es, que le microbiote des occidentaux est devenu de plus en plus pauvre au cours du temps (voir Le2013<\/a>, Sc2014<\/a>, Cl2015<\/a>, Ma2015<\/a>, Ra2015<\/a> et So2016<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notre microbiote \u00e9volue au cours de la vie. Nous sommes colonis\u00e9s \u00e0 la naissance par le microbiote de notre m\u00e8re. Chaque r\u00e9gime influence la composition du microbiote, et en particulier chez la personne \u00e2g\u00e9e, ouvrant de nouvelles pistes d’intervention au moyen de l’alimentation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des processus neuro-inflammatoires sont impliqu\u00e9s dans le vieillissement. Les microglies, les cellules immunitaires r\u00e9sidents dans le cerveau, y jouent un r\u00f4le important (voir Jy2015<\/a>). L’activation des microglies est sous la r\u00e9gulation constante du microbiome intestinal (Er2015<\/a>). Il est donc possible de provoquer une r\u00e9ponse neuro-immune en ciblant le microbiome intestinal. Les acides gras \u00e0 chaine courte ayant un r\u00f4le crucial dans ce processus. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une autre cons\u00e9quence du vieillissement et des pathologies li\u00e9es \u00e0 l’\u00e2ge, est la perm\u00e9abilit\u00e9 croissante de la barri\u00e8re h\u00e9matoenc\u00e9phalique (passage entre le cerveau et le syst\u00e8me sanguin). Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de la barri\u00e8re h\u00e9matoenc\u00e9phalique d\u00e9pend d’une composition appropri\u00e9e du microbiote (voir Br2014<\/a>). Et l\u00e0, une fois encore, les acides gras \u00e0 chaine courte, jouent un r\u00f4le important.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tir\u00e9 de \u00ab\u00a0Gut instincts: microbiota as a key regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration\u00a0\u00bb (voir l’article). Cette revue scientifique parue en 2017, pr\u00e9sente l’\u00e9tat des recherches sur le lien existant entre le microbiote intestinal et les maladies neurologiques. Je vais donner les points essentiels en rapport avec la maladie d’Alzheimer. L’importance du microbiote dans 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